A Travel Price Comparison for Families, Couples, and Backpackers the Dominican Republic vs. Ghana for Food, Beaches, Families, and Couples

Should you visit the Dominican Republic or Ghana?

Which is cheaper to visit? Which is more expensive for vacation?

Which country is more affordable and which is best for your travel style? If you're trying to figure out where to go next, comparing the travel costs between the Dominican Republic and Ghana can help you decide which place is right for you.

We'll start with a quick overview, and below we will go into all of the details.

Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is a vibrant, diverse, and enchanting country. The Dominican Republic is considered by many to be an absolutely beautiful destination, too. It's also popular because of the hiking, museums, wildlife, and adventure travel.

The Dominican Republic is a Caribbean paradise that entices visitors with its sparkling white-sand beaches, lively culture, and lush tropical landscapes. Travelers flock here to indulge in its all-inclusive resorts, abundant sunshine, and dynamic nightlife. From sunbathing along the idyllic Punta Cana coast to exploring the mountainous terrain of Jarabacoa, this destination offers a diverse array of experiences. Whether you seek the vibrant pulse of Santo Domingo or the tranquil seclusion of Samaná, the Dominican Republic provides a perfect blend of relaxation and adventure. With its rich colonial history, sumptuous cuisine, and an endless array of water sports and outdoor activities, it's no wonder this island retreat remains a favorite holiday spot.

Ghana

Ghana is a diverse, cultural, and vibrant country. The famous beauty of Ghana is one of the main draws. It's also known for nightlife, food, water sports, and beaches.

Ghana is a vibrant and culturally rich West African nation known for its warm hospitality, stunning landscapes, and fascinating history. Visitors are drawn to its dynamic cities, beautiful beaches, diverse wildlife, and historical sites that offer a glimpse into its colonial past and the era of the transatlantic slave trade. With its welcoming people and a plethora of cultural festivals, Ghana captivates travelers looking for a unique African experience. From the bustling streets of Accra to the serene shores of Cape Coast, Ghana offers a blend of modernity and tradition that leaves a lasting impression on its visitors.

Dominican Republic and Ghana: Pros and Cons

How is the Dominican Republic different from Ghana?

Which is Better for a Holiday?

Below we will examine the differences and similarities between the Dominican Republic and Ghana. With this information, you can decide for yourself which place is better for your next trip.

Are the Museums and Historical Sights Better in the Dominican Republic or Ghana?

Both The Dominican Republic and Ghana have great landmarks and museums for visitors.

The Dominican Republic is a good place to visit if you're interested in museums or other recognizable sights. Santo Domingo hosts several interesting museums that provide cultural and historical insights. The Museo del Hombre Dominicano showcases the island's Taíno heritage and artifacts. For art enthusiasts, the Museo de Arte Moderno holds a significant collection of Dominican and Latin American artwork. Smaller museums in the Zona Colonial offer snapshots of the country's past and developmental history. While not as extensive as in other global cities, these museums offer valuable context and narrative to understanding the country.

Ghana offers a variety of museums and landmarks to choose from. Museums like the National Museum of Ghana in Accra offer a rich exploration into the country's history and culture. The Cape Coast Castle and Elmina Castle also function as museums, providing in-depth insights into the history of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. These sites are more than just repositories of culture; they offer educational experiences that resonate deeply with visitors.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Culture, Arts, and History?

Overall Ghana is considered to offer more history, cutlure, and arts to visitors than The Dominican Republic.

Ghana offers world-famous historcal and cultural sights and attractions. This is one of the main reasons why so many people come here every year. Ghana offers travelers a rich tapestry of history and culture that is both deeply moving and vibrantly alive. Visitors can explore poignant historical sites such as the Cape Coast and Elmina Castles, where the transatlantic slave trade left a lasting legacy. In contrast, the nation's cultural spirit shines through its colorful festivals, traditional drumming and dance, and the warm hospitality of its people. From the regal traditions of the Ashanti Kingdom in Kumasi to the bustling arts scene in Accra, Ghana invites travelers to engage with its past while celebrating its dynamic present.

The Dominican Republic is a great destination for historical, cultural, and artistic sights and attractions. The country offers a fascinating glimpse into its rich history and culture, especially in the capital of Santo Domingo. The city's Zona Colonial, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is rich with historic buildings and cobblestone streets. Visitors can explore the Alcazar de Colón and the Catedral Primada de América to delve into the colonial past. The cultural scene includes lively music, traditional dance, and local festivals that celebrate the island’s heritage. However, beyond the city, historical sites are more sparse and less prominent.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Big City Activities?

The Dominican Republic and Ghana both are comparable with their great activities in larger cities.

The Dominican Republic also has some big cities with many activities. The big cities are not typically sought out for their tourist appeal compared to the natural attractions and coastal resorts. Santo Domingo, while rich in history and culture with its Zona Colonial, is more vibrant and resonant with local life than geared towards tourist comforts. Traffic and urban congestion can be challenging, although the city offers a lively arts scene and various museums. Santiago de los Caballeros is known for its cultural significance but does not draw tourists in large numbers for prolonged stays.

Ghana has a few large cities with many activities to entertain visitors, too. Cities like Accra and Kumasi may not boast the modern attractions of larger global cities but offer their own charm. Accra, the capital, provides a mix of rich history, bustling markets, and a growing arts scene. Kumasi, known as the cultural heartland, offers insights into the Ashanti traditions. However, urban infrastructure can sometimes be challenging for visitors familiar with Western standards.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Small Towns and Villages?

Ghana generally has a wider variety of smaller towns and villages than The Dominican Republic.

Ghana is a great destination to visit small towns and villages just waiting to be explored. The small towns are a highlight for visitors seeking a more authentic and relaxed experience. Cape Coast and Elmina are known for their historical significance and charming colonial architecture. The Volta Region provides picturesque landscapes and tranquil environments. Visiting these towns offers an opportunity to engage with local culture and heritage firsthand.

With a nice array of villages and small towns, visitors will be entertained in The Dominican Republic. The small towns are not as developed for tourism as other parts of the country. They tend to offer basic amenities, with the exception of well-trodden tourist paths like Las Terrenas or areas closer to Punta Cana. These towns may be favored by those seeking to escape the tourist crowds for a slower pace and local charm. However, for those not familiar with the language, navigating these areas might present some challenges. Local lodging and dining can feel more limited compared to the larger tourist havens.

Is the Food Better in the Dominican Republic or Ghana? Which Country Has the Best Restaurants?

For a nice culinary experience, head to The Dominican Republic, which is well known for it's local dishes and restaurants.

Many restaurants in The Dominican Republic have been singled out for their culinary prowess. The country boasts a tantalizing culinary scene dominated by flavors influenced by Spanish, Taino, and African cuisines. Must-try dishes include "La Bandera" (a dish of rice, beans, and meat), "Mofongo," and seafood specialties like "Pescado con Coco." Street food, such as "Empanadas" and "Chimis," offers a delicious yet inexpensive way to enjoy local flavors. Cities like Santo Domingo and Punta Cana have a vibrant restaurant scene offering both local and international cuisine. Beachside eateries are perfect for sampling fresh fish and tropical cocktails.

Ghana has a huge number of terrific restaurants. The local cuisine is a delight for food enthusiasts, with flavorful staple dishes like jollof rice, waakye, and fufu being must-tries. Street food culture in places like Accra is vibrant, with options such as kelewele (spicy fried plantains) readily available. The regional diversity offers different food experiences, with seafood being prominent along the coast. Exploring local markets can be a rewarding experience for sampling fresh and exotic ingredients.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Nightlife?

Party-goers will find similar levels of energy in The Dominican Republic and Ghana.

The Dominican Republic has an active nightlife scene for those who seek it out. The nightlife is lively in the more touristic areas, offering a mix of local flavor and international flair. Santo Domingo’s Colonial Zone is bustling with vibrant bars and clubs playing live music late into the night. In Punta Cana, resorts frequently host parties and shows, providing entertainment for tourists. Smaller towns may offer local dance clubs featuring traditional Merengue and Bachata music. For a more laid-back atmosphere, beach bars offer the perfect setting to enjoy a cocktail with ocean views.

If you're looking for night time activities Ghana has a few options to choose from. The nightlife scene can be quite lively, particularly in Accra and Kumasi. In Accra, Osu and Labone are bustling with clubs, bars, and lounges offering everything from live music to dance parties. The fusion of local and international music makes the night scenes vibrant and eclectic. For a more laid-back vibe, numerous beach bars offer a coastal nightlife experience.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Beaches?

While Ghana and The Dominican Republic are both popular beach destinations, overall the beaches at The Dominican Republic have more to offer.

The Dominican Republic is considered to be a world-class beach destination. The country boasts some of the finest beaches in the Caribbean, renowned for their soft white sands and turquoise waters. Bávaro Beach in Punta Cana is a favorite, known for its picture-perfect scenery and variety of activities. For a more serene experience, Playa Rincón offers tranquility and stunning natural beauty. Cabarete Beach, famous for kite surfing, attracts those seeking both relaxation and action. Majestic palm trees and gentle waves make these beaches idyllic settings for both sunbathers and watersport enthusiasts.

Ghana has a beach worth visiting. Ghana has a few nice beach areas along its southern coast. Some of the more busy beach areas are around Accra, but if you get away from the city, you'll find more quiet areas. The water is known to be rough here due to currents, however.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for its National Parks?

Visiting the great national parks is a popular activity in both Ghana and The Dominican Republic.

The Dominican Republic is a great destination for touring the national parks. The country offers several national parks that provide great experiences for nature lovers. Los Haitises National Park is a highlight with its untouched mangroves, exotic birdlife, and historical cave paintings. In Cabarete, El Choco National Park features a fascinating system of limestone caves and beautiful lakes to explore. These parks offer hiking opportunities and guided tours that emphasize the local ecology and native species. For bird watchers, the parks provide a habitat for many species, making it an ideal visit.

Visiting the national parks is a popular activity when in Ghana. Kakum National Park stands out with its canopy walkway, offering a bird's-eye view of the tropical rainforest. Mole National Park is the largest and offers excellent chances to see elephants and other wildlife. These parks provide a glimpse into the country's biodiversity. While facilities might not be world-class, the natural experiences are rich and fulfilling.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Wildlife Viewing?

Both The Dominican Republic and Ghana offer similar amounts of great wildlife viewing activities for travelers.

The Dominican Republic has some great wildlife viewing activities that attract visitors. While not as diverse as some other regions, the country still offers opportunities for wildlife viewing. Coastal areas such as the Samana Bay are famous for whale watching during the breeding season from January to March. The lush habitats of national parks like Los Haitises and El Choco support a variety of bird species and some endemic mammals. Marine life, especially around protected reefs, is vibrant, offering a different spectrum of wildlife to appreciate. Various ecological tours focus on the island’s unique ecosystems and conservation efforts.

The wildlife and wilderness activities of Ghana are worth exploring. The country offers wildlife experiences, particularly at Mole National Park where visitors can see elephants, antelopes, and various bird species. The coastal areas also provide opportunities for bird watching, especially during migratory seasons. Ghana's focus on conservation in certain areas helps preserve these wildlife experiences.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Adventure Travel?

The Dominican Republic generally offers more adventure travel options for travelers than Ghana.

The Dominican Republic is a very popular place for adventure travel because of its abundant wildlife. For adventure enthusiasts, there's a wide array of activities available. The Damajagua Waterfalls near Puerto Plata offer an exhilarating experience of climbing and cascading down 27 waterfalls. Zip-lining through lush canopies is popular in places like Samaná and Punta Cana. The rugged mountains and remote beaches offer perfect spots for mountain biking and ATV tours. River rafting and canyoning near the Río Yaque del Norte provide adrenaline-pumping thrills. The country's diverse landscapes create an ideal playground for active adventurers.

The adventure travel experiences in Ghana are worth exploring, even if they are limited to certain areas. Adventure seekers will find plenty to do, from canopy walks at Kakum National Park to river activities in the Volta Region. The coast offers surfing opportunities, particularly around Busua Beach. For those looking to delve into local customs, cultural festivals provide an immersive adventure. While not extreme by global standards, the mix of nature and culture provides diverse adventure options.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Watersports?

Both The Dominican Republic and Ghana offer a fairly equal range of great watersports for travelers.

The Dominican Republic is famous for its exciting and thrilling watersports activities. The clear, warm waters make the country a paradise for watersports enthusiasts. Kite surfing and windsurfing are particularly popular in Cabarete, renowned for its breezy climate. Snorkeling and kayaking are easily accessible at beaches like Playa Sosua and Playa Dorada. Punta Cana's resorts often include water sports facilities, allowing easy access to jet skiing and parasailing. Fishing excursions and sailing trips are readily available, providing exciting opportunities to explore the aquatic world.

With world-famous watersports and marine activities, Ghana attracts many visitors interested in seaside activities marine exploration, and adventure. With a long coastline, Ghana is an excellent spot for watersports enthusiasts. Surfing in Busua is popular, and kite surfing in Ada Foah is growing in appeal. The coastline offers various water activities, including diving and snorkeling around rocky sections near Cape Three Points. The beach towns cater to both beginners and experienced watersports fans.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Outdoor Activities?

Both The Dominican Republic and Ghana offer an equivilent number of great outdoor activities for travelers.

The Dominican Republic is famous for its exciting and adventurous outdoor activities. Outdoor activities abound, making it a paradise for nature lovers. Apart from watersports, adventurous visitors can delve into hiking, mountain biking, and river tubing. Areas like Samaná and Puerto Plata offer scenic trails, while the Pico Duarte trek takes explorers to the highest peak in the Caribbean. Exploring the island on horseback, especially near Punta Cana or through the verdant jungles, is an unforgettable experience. The natural diversity means there's always a new outdoor pursuit to undertake.

With world-famous outdoor activities, Ghana attracts many visitors interested in natural scenery, exploration, and adventure. Outdoor activities in Ghana are diverse and plentiful. Hiking trails like those at Afadjato, the highest mountain in Ghana, offer rewarding views. Beaches provide relaxation and adventure, while the national parks, like Kakum, invite exploration and wildlife spotting. The lush landscapes and multi-faceted terrains create perfect settings for outdoor enthusiasts to enjoy.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for a Road Trip?

The Dominican Republic and Ghana both offer a wide array of great road trip possibilities for your next trip.

The Dominican Republic offers some possibilities for road trips. Road trips could be a unique way to explore, though the road infrastructure outside major cities and tourist areas may pose challenges. The drive across the northern coastline offers scenic views of untouched beaches and local villages. Routes from Santo Domingo to the Samana Peninsula feature lush landscapes and occasional roadside markets selling local goods. Travelers should be mindful of the varying road conditions and plan accordingly. Local rentals and private tours are available for guided driving experiences.

Ghana has some good options for visitors wanting to take road trips. Road tripping in Ghana offers mixed experiences due to varied road conditions but can be an adventure in itself. Regions like the Volta offer scenic drives, with opportunities to explore less touristy areas and witness local life. While not as convenient as major highways in other countries, the network does allow for exploration off the tourist trail. Challenges with infrastructure can add to the sense of adventure for those looking to immerse themselves in a complete experience.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Families?

The Dominican Republic is considered to a better choice for families.

The Dominican Republic is an extremely popular country to visit for families. There are numerous family-friendly resorts offering fun for all ages, especially in Punta Cana and Puerto Plata. These resorts often have kids' clubs, pools, and easy beach access, making them perfect for families with children. The country is also home to attractions like the Ocean World Adventure Park and the Indigenous Eyes Ecological Park, which are great for learning and exploration. Beaches with calm waters, such as Playa Rincón, provide safe spaces for children to play and swim. There are many family-themed activities available such as ziplining, animal encounters, and cultural tours.

Because of its large number of kid-friendly activities, Ghana is very family-friendly. Families visiting will find a range of activities catered towards all ages. The coastal area of Cape Coast offers historical sites like the Cape Coast Castle which provide educational opportunities. Families can also enjoy Kakum National Park, where canopy walks offer a thrilling experience amidst lush greenery. Accra's Legon Botanical Gardens is another family-friendly spot with playgrounds and picnic areas. Along with that, Ghana's beaches offer a mix of relaxation and cultural experiences, making them suitable for family outings.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Better for Couples?

There's generally more to do as a couple in The Dominican Republic than Ghana.

The Dominican Republic is a great country for couples, as it has plenty to offer. With its lush landscapes and luxurious resorts, the country is a paradise for couples seeking romance. In Punta Cana and La Romana, many resorts offer adult-only areas for privacy and relaxation. Couples can enjoy romantic sunset cruises, beachside candlelit dinners, or explore the historic Zona Colonial in Santo Domingo for an intimate walk through the past. The beautiful beaches and vibrant nightlife in coastal areas like Bavaro make for exciting and memorable couple getaways. The Samana Peninsula is another gem, with hidden caves and serene beaches perfect for romantic escapes.

Ghana makes for a fun place to visit for a couple. For couples, romantic getaways can be found in the serene beaches of the Volta Region or a stroll through the beautiful Aburi Botanical Gardens. Exploring the historical castles along the coast offers a unique experience, while the vibrant nightlife in Accra provides an opportunity for evening entertainment. The cultural heritage of places like Kumasi can also enrich a couple's experience with its art and history.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana Easier for Transportation? Which is Easier to Get Around Without a Car?

You'll find great transportation options in both The Dominican Republic and Ghana.

Visitors to The Dominican Republic can move around easily with public transportation. The transportation system in the country is relatively efficient, with various options available to travelers. Public buses, known as 'guaguas', provide widespread coverage, while 'carros públicos' offer shared taxi services for short distances. Taxi services and ride-share options are common in larger cities and tourist areas. The major highways connecting cities such as Santo Domingo, Santiago, and Punta Cana make road travel convenient. Several domestic airports facilitate quick internal flights, offering visitors flexibility when exploring different regions.

Is it easy to travel around the Dominican Republic?

• It's very easy and convenient to travel by bus.
• It's quite common to travel on ferry boats.
• It's very easy and convenient to travel on cruise ships and excursions.
• Most people travel by joining an organized tour.
• It's quite common to travel by car.
• Traveling by airplane is possible but challenging.

The public transit in Ghana can get you around easily. Travelling around has become more convenient with a mix of transportation options available. Major cities are connected by a network of buses and coaches, while local taxis and tro-tros (shared minibuses) offer economic ways to navigate urban areas. Domestic flights connect larger cities and popular tourist destinations and make traveling across regions faster. The road conditions have been improving, making broader exploration feasible.

Is it easy to travel around Ghana?

• Travel by bus is possible.
• Travel on cruise ships and excursions is possible.
• Organized tours are the best way to get around.
• Traveling by car is very common and fairly easy.
• It's possible, but usually challenging, to travel by airplane.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana more Comfortable for a Trip?

The Dominican Republic typically offers more travel comforts and amenities than Ghana, as it is generally a more modern destination with a larger tourist infrastructure.

The Dominican Republic is a very comfortable and luxurious destination with plenty of hotels, restaurants, and activities. The country excels in providing comfort throughout one's stay, from lavish resorts to elegant dining experiences. In areas like Punta Cana and La Romana, you will find upscale resorts equipped with spa services, gourmet dining options, and private beaches. The hospitality industry is well-developed, with friendly service considered the norm. Transportation is convenient, with options such as shuttle services provided by resorts and easy-to-arrange excursions. Airports are well-connected and offer numerous direct flights from many major cities worldwide.

Ghana is generally comfortable to travel in, although some areas don't have as much travel amenities. While it may not have a reputation for high luxury, there are comfortable accommodations and amenities available. Accra, being a major city, offers several modern lodgings and eateries that provide international cuisine alongside local dishes. Moving around the country has been made easier with improved road networks and transport options, including flights and long-distance buses. Some areas still offer rustic charm rather than luxury, but they make up for it with genuine hospitality and local color.

Is the Dominican Republic or Ghana more Touristy?

Generally, The Dominican Republic is considered to be more touristy than Ghana.

The Dominican Republic is a destination which hosts a huge number of visitors. The country is a highly popular tourist destination with bustling spots teeming with visitors throughout the year. Punta Cana, with its vast array of all-inclusive resorts, is one of the most visited areas and can get quite busy. The capital, Santo Domingo, attracts tourists interested in its blend of modern and colonial sites. Tourists also flood to the beaches of Puerto Plata and Bayahibe. High season often intensifies the tourist crowds, so planning ahead is essential, especially during major holidays and festivals.

Ghana has a reasonable number of visitors. The country sees a moderate number of tourists, especially interested in its rich history and vibrant culture. The Cape Coast and Elmina castles are popular stopovers for heritage tourism. Sites like the Mole National Park also draw visitors, although it doesn't compare to the larger tourist crowds found in more traditional safari destinations. Cities like Accra offer a taste of urban Ghanaian life but don't experience overly large crowds.

For some great organized tour ideas, see The Best Adventure Tours to Dominican Republic, The Best 10-Day Tours in Ghana, and The Best Adventure Tours to Ghana.

Should I spend more time in Ghana or the Dominican Republic?

How long in the Dominican Republic or Ghana?

Both the Dominican Republic and Ghana have a number of activities to choose from. With generally more activities and things to do, visitors tend to spend more time in Ghana than in the Dominican Republic. Usually, 3-5 days is a good amount of time for the Dominican Republic, and 3-7 days is enough time in Ghana.

Families should spend more time in the Dominican Republic than Ghana. Because of the many family-friendly attractions and fun things to do for kids in the Dominican Republic, it's a great place to visit with the whole family.

Couples should spend more time in the Dominican Republic than Ghana. You'll find plenty of romantic sights and fun activities in the Dominican Republic that are great for a weekend getaway or a longer couple's trip.

Backpackers and budget travelers should spend more time in Ghana than the Dominican Republic if your budget allows for it. With a larger number of budget-friendly sights, good nightlife, and active things to do, anyone traveling on a budget would have a good time in Ghana.

A weekend in the Dominican Republic or Ghana?

It's hard to know how much time to spend in the Dominican Republic. Adventure travel is very popular here, too. A weekend is usually not enough time for a trip here as there is plenty to do. The length of your ideal trip is an individual decision.

The diverse destination of Ghana offers adventure travel, national parks, and history and culture. This country offers something for everyone. With so much to do, a weekend is probably not enough time to see everything.

Five days in the Dominican Republic or Ghana?

The Dominican Republic is a fun place to experience. In the Dominican Republic, many people enjoy the adventure travel, national parks, and history and culture that this destination offers. You'll find plenty of activities on the beach. This would be the perfect place to spend five days, as it has just the right amount of activities.

It's hard to know how much time to spend in Ghana. For many, it makes a great getaway for five days. If you enjoy all that's offered here, then five days is just the right amount of time to spend here. The length of your trip often depends on your style of travel.

A week in the Dominican Republic or Ghana?

You'll find national parks, history and culture, and nightlife around the diverse destination of the Dominican Republic. Most people come for the beaches. Take your pick from the many activities offered here. One week is plenty of time to see everything, even with extra days to spare.

Ghana is a fun place to experience. The destination of Ghana offers history and culture, nightlife, and food. In one week, you should have a good grasp of this country.

Two weeks in the Dominican Republic or Ghana?

You'll find national parks, history and culture, and nightlife around the enchanting destination of the Dominican Republic. Adventure travel is very popular here, too. Take your pick from the many activities offered here. Most people find that two weeks is more than enough time to see everything.

Ghana is a fun place to experience. Travelers enjoy the history and culture, nightlife, and food when visiting the destination of Ghana. Two weeks is more than enough time to enjoy everything. Take some day trips to nearby places to fill the extra days.

When we compare the travel costs of actual travelers between the Dominican Republic and Ghana, we can see that the Dominican Republic is more expensive. And not only is Ghana much less expensive, but it is actually a significantly cheaper destination. Since the Dominican Republic is in Caribbean Islands and Ghana is in Africa, this is one of the main reasons why the costs are so different, as different regions of the world tend to have overall different travel costs. So, traveling to Ghana would let you spend less money overall. Or, you could decide to spend more money in Ghana and be able to afford a more luxurious travel style by staying in nicer hotels, eating at more expensive restaurants, taking tours, and experiencing more activities. The same level of travel in the Dominican Republic would naturally cost you much more money, so you would probably want to keep your budget a little tighter in the Dominican Republic than you might in Ghana.