A Travel Price Comparison for Families, Couples, and Backpackers Athens vs. Manchester for Attractions, Food, Nightlife, and Backpackers

Should you visit Athens or Manchester?

Which is cheaper to visit? Which is more expensive for vacation?

Which city should you visit? Read on to compare the activities as well as the prices of travel for Athens and Manchester. We'll break down costs for accommodation, food, transportation and more to help you learn more about these two destinations. Then, you can figure out if either of these two places are accessible based on your travel budget, schedule, and interests. So, let's dig into it.

Athens

Athens is a energetic, historic, and ancient city. It's a large city with plenty of activites for visitors as well. It's a gorgeous place to visit. Other reasons to visit include museums, nightlife, and food.

Manchester

Manchester is a vibrant, dynamic, and diverse city. As it's a big city, visitors will find plenty to do, too. It's also popular because of the live music, food, and shopping.

Athens and Manchester: Pros and Cons

Pros
  • Popular museums and historical sights
  • Active nightlife
  • Scenic old town
  • Family-friendly
  • Good for couples and romance
  • Good for backpackers and budget travelers
  • Big city activities
  • Home to the Acropolis
Pros
  • Popular museums and historical sights
  • Active nightlife
  • Good music scene
  • Family-friendly
  • Good for couples and romance
  • Big city activities
Things to Consider
  • Less popular with backpackers


Is there more to do in Athens or Manchester?

You'll generally find more things to do in Athens than Manchester. Athens is bigger than Manchester, and it also has more attractions and activities for travelers. Athens is better known for its museums, food, nightlife, historical sights, and impressive beauty, while Manchester is more popular for its music and shopping. Athens is more touristy than Manchester and is known for its ancient temples and landmarks as well as its influence as the birthplace of democracy. Also, Athens is famous for The Acropolis. Manchester is well known for its strong music culture as well as being home to the world-renowned Manchester United Football Club.

The Acropolis
The Acropolis

How is Athens different from Manchester?

Which is Better for a Holiday?

Let's take a look at the differences and similarities between Manchester and Athens. Then, you can decide for yourself which place is better for your next trip.

Are the Museums and Historical Sights Better in Athens or Manchester?

Athens
Manchester

Athens is very popular for its historical sights. Also, Manchester is not as popular, but is still a nice city for its sights and museums.

Travelers visit Athens from around the world to see its many world-famous attractions. As a historical capital of the world, this city has countless museums and archeological sites including the famous Acropolis, the National Archaeology Museum, and the Ancient Agora.

With a variety of museums, monuments, and historical sights, a trip to Manchester can be an interesting and educational experience. Head to the Science and Industry Museum, the Imperial War Museum North, Manchester Cathedral, or John Rylands Library & Manchester Central Library to see some of the cities most interesting sights.


Is the Food Better in Athens or Manchester? Which Destination has the Best Restaurants?

Athens
Manchester

Athens is very popular for its local flavors and cuisine. Also, Manchester is not as popular, but is still a nice city for its local cuisine and restaurants.

Athens has long been recognized as a culinary destination with great restaurants. Make sure you try the souvlaki, moussaka, and dolmades at any of the many local restaurants throughout the city.

Eating is part of the travel experience when you visit Manchester. You'll find a great food scene with diverse restaurant options that include international flavors, vegetarian options, and more. There are also many great places to try craft beer.

Is Athens or Manchester Better for Nightlife?

Athens
Manchester

Athens is very popular for nightlife. Also, Manchester is not as popular, but is still a nice city for nightlife and partying.

Athens is a party destination, and you'll find plenty of activity all night long. There are all-night dance clubs as well as local bars and chill live music venues.

Manchester has plenty to do after the sun goes down. The nightlife scene is diverse and high energy. Head to Deansgate or the Northern Quarter for some of the best nightlife venues. You'll also find a huge rave scene in town.

Is Athens or Manchester Better for Music?

Athens
Manchester

Manchester is great for its music scene. However, Athens is not a live music destination.

The music scene in Manchester draws a good crowd. There's a long running music reputation here. Some of the iconic bands that began here include Oasis and Stone Roses.

Athens is not a live music destination.


Is Athens or Manchester Better for its Old Town?

Athens
Manchester

Athens is very popular for its historic old town. However, Manchester does not have a historic old town.

Athens has a world-famous historical area. The city's "historic triangle" is between Syntagma, Omonia, and Monastiraki Squares. This area is also at the political and financial heart of the city.

Manchester does not have a historic old town.

Is the Shopping Better in Athens or Manchester?

Athens
Manchester

Manchester is great for its shopping areas. Also, Athens is not as popular, but is still a nice city for shopping.

Many visitors explore the shopping areas in Manchester. From jewelry to boutique clothing outlets, there are many places to shop around town. Head to Manchester Arndale, Trafford Centre, or Market Street for some of the best shopping.

Athens is a great destination for shopping. Most neighborhoods have a shopping street but head to Ermou Street for some of the city's best shopping.

Is Athens or Manchester Better for Families?

Athens
Manchester

Both Athens and Manchester are high quality family-friendly destinations.

You'll find plenty of family-friendly things to do in Athens. With its rich history, beautiful outdoor activities, and kid-friendly food, Athens is a fun place to explore with the whole family.

Manchester is a very family-friendly place to visit. You'll find a number of kid-friendly activities around town including the popular Legoland Discovery Center. Another fun activity is taking a behind the scenes CBBC interactive tour at MediaCityUK. Animal lovers will enjoy visiting the SeaLife Aquarium or the Chester Zoo and sports enthusiasts will not want to miss a visit to the National Football Museum or doing a tour of Old Trafford where you can also visit the Manchester United Museum.


Is Athens or Manchester Better for Couples?

Athens
Manchester

Manchester is great for couples. Also, Athens is not as popular, but is still a nice city for romance.

Manchester is a great city if you're traveling as a couple. Couples can enjoy a visit to a spa, a nice meal out, or simply wandering down the canal. For a unique experience, you can hit to slopes at Chill Factore.

Athens is a nice destination for couples. The city is historical, fascinating, and romantic, making it a beautiful place to explore as a couple.

Is Athens or Manchester Better for Backpackers and Budget Travelers?

Athens
Manchester

Athens is very popular for backpackers and budget travelers. Also, Manchester is not as popular, but is still a nice city for backpackers.

Many backpackers frequent Athens. The city has long been established as a backpackers destination with budget friendly food and plenty of hostels around town.

It's common for backpackers to visit Manchester. You'll find hostels around town and a number of visitors, particularly during the sports season.

Is Athens or Manchester Better for Students?

Athens
Manchester

For students, both Athens and Manchester are high quality places to visit.

Many students visit Athens. International students will appreciate the rich history, archaeological ruins, and unique opportunities that are available here.

Manchester is a very popular city for students and younger travelers. There's a large number of students as well as a great music scene and tons of festivals that make this a great city to do your studies.


Is Athens or Manchester Better for Public Transit? Which Is Easier to Get Around Without a Car?

Athens
Manchester

Athens and Manchester both offer high quality public transit to get you around.

Many visitors use the public transit system in Athens. The city's metro system has 3 lines that connect to bus, tram and commuter rail lines.

Public transit in Manchester is fairly effecient and thorough. The city has bus, train, and tram options for travel.

Is Athens or Manchester a more walkable city?

Athens
Manchester

Athens is great for its walkability. Also, Manchester is not as popular, but is still a nice city for its high level of walkability.

Athens is very walkable. You'll find the city's most walkable area's in the historical heart, where there are many pedestrian only streets and shopping areas.

Manchester is a somewhat walkable place. Some neighborhoods are more walkable than others.

For even more information, also check out Is Athens Worth Visiting? and Is Manchester Worth Visiting?.

Should I spend more time in Manchester or Athens?

How long in Athens or Manchester?

It's fun to spend time in either Athens or Manchester. Generally, people tend to spend more time in Athens due to the larger number of activities and things to do. Usually, 3-7 days is a good amount of time for Athens, and 2-4 days is enough time in Manchester.

Families should spend more time in Athens than Manchester. Because of the many family-friendly attractions and fun things to do for kids in Athens, it's a great place to visit with the whole family.

Couples should spend more time in Manchester than Athens. You'll find plenty of romantic sights and fun activities in Manchester that are perfect for a weekend getaway or a longer couple's trip.

Backpackers and budget travelers should spend more time in Athens than Manchester if your budget allows for it. With a larger number of budget-friendly sights, good nightlife, and active things to do, anyone traveling on a budget would have a good time in Athens.


  • How many days in Athens or Manchester? Ideal Length of Stay
    Athens 3-7 
    Manchester 2-4

One day in Athens or Manchester?

When visiting Athens, people usually allow for lots of time. Anyone can find something fun to do here. Make sure you visit the old town while you're here. But since there are so many activities, you'll likely want to spend more than one day exploring.

Many travelers enjoy the food and shopping when visiting the big city destination of Manchester. But since there are so many activities, you'll likely want to spend more than one day exploring.


A weekend in Athens or Manchester?

When visiting Athens, people usually allow for lots of time. Most visitors spend time around the old town while in the area. It offers something for everyone. With so much to do, a weekend is probably not enough time to see everything.

Manchester is a great place to explore. It is common to spend a weekend here. With all of its activities, you can easily fill a weekend here. Your budget might influence how long you stay.

Five days in Athens or Manchester?

Athens, a popular city, is full of activities for travelers. This is a popular place to visit for five days. Visiting the old town is also a must. In five days, you should have a good grasp of this city. Your budget might influence how long you stay.

It's hard to know how much time to spend in Manchester. Five days may feel like too much time unless you plan to do a lot of relaxing. It has many unique tourist attractions and fascinating things to do.

A week in Athens or Manchester?

Athens is a popular place that is full of things to see and experience. If you have one week, this city makes for a great vacation. One week should give you a good understanding of everything this city has to offer. It has many unique tourist attractions and fascinating things to do.

Travelers enjoy the nightlife and live music when visiting the cultural big city of Manchester. This city offers a variety of activities to choose from. Most people find that one week is more than enough time to see everything.


For some great organized tour ideas, see The Best 10-Day Tours in Greece, The Best One Week (7-Day) Tours in Greece, The Best 2-Week Tours from Edinburgh, and The Best Family-Friendly Tours to United Kingdom.


Which place is cheaper, Manchester or Athens?

These are the overall average travel costs for the two destinations.

The average daily cost (per person) in Athens is €127, while the average daily cost in Manchester is €215. These costs include accommodation (assuming double occupancy, so the traveler is sharing the room), food, transportation, and entertainment. While every person is different, these costs are an average of past travelers in each destination. What follows is a categorical breakdown of travel costs for Athens and Manchester in more detail.



Accommodation
  • Accommodation Hotel or hostel for one person
    Athens 63
    Manchester 83
  • Accommodation Typical double-occupancy room
    Athens 126
    Manchester 166
Compare Hotels in Athens and Manchester

Looking for a hotel in Athens or Manchester? Prices vary by location, date, season, and the level of luxury. See below for options and compare which is best for your budget and travel style.

Hotels in Athens


Hotels in Manchester


Kayak helps you find the best prices for hotels, flights, and rental cars for destinations around the world. Compare prices for multiple destinations when planning your next trip.


Our Analysis
We've analyzed the average and typical hotel prices based on guest reviews, star ratings, and hotel amenities here: Athens Hotel Prices and Manchester Hotel Prices.

Local Transportation
  • Local Transportation Taxis, local buses, subway, etc.
    Athens 27
    Manchester 22
Typical Local Transportation Prices in Athens

Here are some examples of typical transportation prices from actual travelers in Athens:


  • Airport Bus for Two
    6.40
  • Metro
    1.50
  • Metro
    2.00
  • Metro from Airport to City Center
    8.00
  • Taxi from Airport
    35

Hired Cars and Shuttles in Athens

Also for Athens, here are a few examples of actual transportation services:

  • From Paros: Helicopter Transfer to Greek Islands or Athens: $2,695
  • From Meteora Private Day Trip with Transfer: $1,048
  • From Ancient Corinth Day Trip with Private Transfer: $461
  • Private Transfer to/from Volos: $449
  • From Private Cape Sounion Sunset Tour with Transfer: $299
  • Transfer from Athens airport to Epidavros up to 4 customers: $298
  • Athens Airport to Kyllini Transfer or from Kyllini to Athens: $291
  • Private Transfer From Athens To Lefkada: $284
  • Private Transfer From Athens To Meteora - Kalabaka: $273
  • Private Transfer through Athens Attractions at Night: $273
  • Vip Transfer From/To Athens Center - Lavrio Port: $273
  • Private Transfer From Athens To Ancient Olympia: $262

Typical Local Transportation Prices in Manchester

Some typical examples of transportation costs in Manchester are as follows:


  • Rail to Airport
    13
  • Parking in Manchester
    3.51

Hired Cars and Shuttles in Manchester

Also for Manchester, here are a few examples of actual transportation services:

  • Private Round-Trip Transfer From Manchester Airport to Old Trafford Stadium: $279
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Hull: $276
  • Manchester Airport (MAN): Private Transfer to Liverpool City: $249
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Wrexham: $233
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Goole: $228
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Conwy: $200
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Harrogate: $198
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Burton-upon-Trent: $190
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Doncaster: $187
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Fleetwood: $172
  • Private Transfer from Manchester Airport (MAN) to Liverpool City Centre: $158
  • Manchester Airport(MAN) to Liverpool- Round-Trip Private Transfer: $157

Is it cheaper to fly into Athens or Manchester?

Prices for flights to both Manchester and Athens change regularly based on dates and travel demand. We suggest you find the best prices for your next trip on Kayak, because you can compare the cost of flights across multiple airlines for your prefered dates.





Food
  • Food Meals for one day
    Athens 37
    Manchester 65
Typical Food Prices in Athens

Here are some examples of typical meal expenses from previous travelers to Athens:


  • Ice cream
    3.00
  • Souvlaki
    2.20

Food Tours and Cooking Classes in Athens

For Athens, here are some samples of tours and activities related to meals and dining experiences:

  • Hard Rock Cafe Athens with Set Menu for Lunch or Dinner: $24
  • Street Food Tour Market & City Centre: $42
  • Foodies’ Favorite Food tour: $46
  • Greek Street Food Tour: $51
  • Athens Street Food Tour: Explore City's Iconic Eateries: $52
  • Middle-eastern Cuisine Cooking Class with Meal: $52
  • Street Food Tour with Local Guide and 7 Tastings: $57
  • Traditional Greek Cooking Class and Organic Lunch on Poros: $60
  • Alternative, truly authentic food tour in secret Athens: $63
  • Greek Traditional Vegan Cooking Class with Meal: $63
  • Greek Traditional Vegan Cooking Classes in Athina: $64
  • Light Lunch Tasting & Cooking Demo: $67

Food Tours and Cooking Classes in Manchester

For Manchester, here are some samples of tours and activities related to meals and dining experiences:

  • Hard Rock Cafe with Set Menu for Lunch or Dinner: $30
  • Hard Rock Cafe Manchester with Set Menu for Lunch or Dinner: $33
  • Pistachio LOVERS Italian Dinner Experience: $35
  • Private Italian Dinner with a Romantic Night Experience: $63
  • 2 Hours Sicilian Wine Tasting and Dinner at Manchester: $76
  • Manchester Food Tour with a Local Guide: $87
  • Half-Day Manchester Food Tour with Lunch: $89
  • 3-Hour Guided Manchester Food Tour with Lunch : $95
  • Private Food Tour with Local Guide: $199

Entertainment
  • Entertainment Entrance tickets, shows, etc.
    Athens 36
    Manchester 35

Tours and Activities in Athens

Also, here are some specific examples of entertainment, tickets, and activities for Athens.

  • Acropolis/Athens Highlights Private Evening Tour (5 hours) from Athens, Piraeus: $87
  • Ancient Corinth Canal Epidavrous Nafplio Private Tour 8Hours: $180
  • Apostle Paul's Footsteps in Athens Christian Private Tour 5Hours: $142
  • Delphi full day V.R audio guided tour with entry ticket: $48
  • EPIDAURUS & NAFPLIO : Private Full Day Tour From Athens 6 Hours : $173
  • Full Day Tour in Athens with Lunch: $147
  • Half Day Private Tour on Highlights of Classical Athens: $158
  • Layover Private Tour in Athens: $245
  • Mycenae Lions Gate Epidaurus & Nafplio Full Day Private Tour 8H : $191
  • Self-Guided Tour at the Romantic Island of Hydra from Athens: $284
  • Traditional Villages Full day Tour in Santorini: $59
  • "Acropolis Half-day Tour and City Visit": $168

Tours and Activities in Manchester

Also, here are some specific examples of entertainment, tickets, and activities for Manchester.

  • SEA LIFE Manchester Admission Ticket: $21
  • 3-Hour Manchester Shopping Tour with a Stylist: $119
  • 3-day Yorkshire Dales and Peak District Tour from Manchester: $522
  • A Silent Disco Adventure in Manchester: $21
  • Alcotraz Prison Cocktail Experience in Manchester: $51
  • Breathtaking Manchester – Walking Tour for Couples: $235
  • Breathtaking Manchester – Walking Tour for Couples: $463
  • Chatsworth and Peak District Small-Group Tour from Manchester: $74
  • Christmas Charms of Manchester – Private Walking Tour: $566
  • City River Tour: $15
  • Craft Beer Tour around Manchester: $51
  • Craft Brews of Manchester – A Private Beer Tour: $666

Alcohol
  • Alcohol Drinks for one day
    Athens 23
    Manchester 12

Sample the Local Flavors in Athens

Here are a few nightlife and alcohol tours and activities from local tour providers in Athens:

  • Liquer tasting in Polykala's Distillery Show Room in Athens: $17
  • Greek Wine Tasting: $23
  • Premium Wine Tastings: $35
  • Greek Wine Tasting Experience with a Sommelier: $43
  • Athens Wine Tasting: $44
  • Old Town Athens Wine Tasting: $52
  • Wine Tasting Odyssey in Athens: $52
  • 2 Hours Wine Tasting Odyssey in Athens: $53
  • Best rated Acropolis Wine Tasting : $53
  • Greek food and wine tasting: $53
  • Rare Greek Wine Tasting w/Sommelier by the Acropolis: $59
  • Wine Tasting and Storytelling in a Historical Square in Athina: $60

Sample the Local Flavors in Manchester

Some specific costs for nightlife related activities in Manchester:

  • Bar Maid-led Pub Crawl for Special Events: $47
  • Four hour walking wine tasting tour of Manchester's best bars: $101


When we compare the travel costs of actual travelers between Athens and Manchester, we can see that Manchester is more expensive. And not only is Athens much less expensive, but it is actually a significantly cheaper destination. So, traveling to Athens would let you spend less money overall. Or, you could decide to spend more money in Athens and be able to afford a more luxurious travel style by staying in nicer hotels, eating at more expensive restaurants, taking tours, and experiencing more activities. The same level of travel in Manchester would naturally cost you much more money, so you would probably want to keep your budget a little tighter in Manchester than you might in Athens.

If you're trying to decide if either of these two destinations are within your price range, also see Is Athens Expensive? and Is Manchester Expensive?.


Which is Bigger, Athens or Manchester?

Athens has a larger population, and is about 84% larger than the population of Manchester. When comparing the sizes of Athens and Manchester, keep in mind that a larger population does not always imply the destination has more attractions or better activities. So, always research the type of place that you want to visit along with the activities and attractions that interest you.


When is the best time to visit Athens or Manchester?

Both destinations experience a temperate climate with four distinct seasons. And since both cities are in the northern hemisphere, summer is in July and winter is in January.

Should I visit Athens or Manchester in the Summer?

Both Manchester and Athens are popular destinations to visit in the summer with plenty of activities. Many travelers come to Athens for the city activities and the family-friendly experiences. Also, many visitors come to Manchester in the summer for the city activities, the music scene, and the family-friendly experiences.

In the summer, Athens is much warmer than Manchester. Typically, the summer temperatures in Athens in July average around 27°C (81°F), and Manchester averages at about 16°C (62°F).

The sun comes out a lot this time of the year in Athens. Athens usually receives more sunshine than Manchester during summer. Athens gets 357 hours of sunny skies, while Manchester receives 176 hours of full sun in the summer.

In July, Athens usually receives less rain than Manchester. Athens gets 6 mm (0.2 in) of rain, while Manchester receives 65 mm (2.6 in) of rain each month for the summer.


  • Summer Average Temperatures July
    Athens 27°C (81°F) 
    Manchester 16°C (62°F)

Should I visit Athens or Manchester in the Autumn?

Both Manchester and Athens during the autumn are popular places to visit. Many visitors come to Athens in the autumn for the city's sights and attractions, the shopping scene, and the natural beauty of the area. Also, most visitors come to Manchester for the city's sights and attractions, the shopping scene, and the music scene during these months.

In October, Athens is generally much warmer than Manchester. Daily temperatures in Athens average around 19°C (67°F), and Manchester fluctuates around 11°C (52°F).

It's quite sunny in Athens. In the autumn, Athens often gets more sunshine than Manchester. Athens gets 206 hours of sunny skies this time of year, while Manchester receives 97 hours of full sun.

Athens usually gets less rain in October than Manchester. Athens gets 48 mm (1.9 in) of rain, while Manchester receives 78 mm (3.1 in) of rain this time of the year.


  • Autumn Average Temperatures October
    Athens 19°C (67°F) 
    Manchester 11°C (52°F)

Should I visit Athens or Manchester in the Winter?

The winter attracts plenty of travelers to both Athens and Manchester. Most visitors come to Athens for the museums, the shopping scene, and the cuisine during these months. Also, the winter months attract visitors to Manchester because of the museums, the shopping scene, and the cuisine.

The weather in Manchester can be very cold. Athens is much warmer than Manchester in the winter. The daily temperature in Athens averages around 10°C (51°F) in January, and Manchester fluctuates around 4°C (39°F).

Athens usually receives more sunshine than Manchester during winter. Athens gets 143 hours of sunny skies, while Manchester receives 53 hours of full sun in the winter.

In January, Athens usually receives less rain than Manchester. Athens gets 45 mm (1.8 in) of rain, while Manchester receives 69 mm (2.7 in) of rain each month for the winter.


  • Winter Average Temperatures January
    Athens 10°C (51°F) 
    Manchester 4°C (39°F)

Should I visit Athens or Manchester in the Spring?

The spring brings many poeple to Athens as well as Manchester. The spring months attract visitors to Athens because of the activities around the city and the natural beauty. Also, the activities around the city are the main draw to Manchester this time of year.

In the spring, Athens is much warmer than Manchester. Typically, the spring temperatures in Athens in April average around 16°C (60°F), and Manchester averages at about 8°C (46°F).

People are often attracted to the plentiful sunshine in Athens this time of the year. In the spring, Athens often gets more sunshine than Manchester. Athens gets 226 hours of sunny skies this time of year, while Manchester receives 144 hours of full sun.

Athens usually gets less rain in April than Manchester. Athens gets 25 mm (1 in) of rain, while Manchester receives 51 mm (2 in) of rain this time of the year.


  • Spring Average Temperatures April
    Athens 16°C (60°F) 
    Manchester 8°C (46°F)

Typical Weather for Manchester and Athens

Athens Manchester
Temp (°C) Rain (mm) Temp (°C) Rain (mm)
Jan 10°C (51°F) 45 mm (1.8 in) 4°C (39°F) 69 mm (2.7 in)
Feb 11°C (51°F) 48 mm (1.9 in) 4°C (39°F) 50 mm (2 in)
Mar 12°C (54°F) 44 mm (1.7 in) 6°C (43°F) 61 mm (2.4 in)
Apr 16°C (60°F) 25 mm (1 in) 8°C (46°F) 51 mm (2 in)
May 20°C (68°F) 14 mm (0.6 in) 11°C (53°F) 61 mm (2.4 in)
Jun 24°C (76°F) 6 mm (0.2 in) 15°C (58°F) 67 mm (2.6 in)
Jul 27°C (81°F) 6 mm (0.2 in) 16°C (62°F) 65 mm (2.6 in)
Aug 27°C (81°F) 8 mm (0.3 in) 16°C (61°F) 81 mm (3.2 in)
Sep 24°C (76°F) 10 mm (0.4 in) 14°C (57°F) 71 mm (2.8 in)
Oct 19°C (67°F) 48 mm (1.9 in) 11°C (52°F) 78 mm (3.1 in)
Nov 16°C (60°F) 51 mm (2 in) 7°C (44°F) 78 mm (3.1 in)
Dec 12°C (54°F) 66 mm (2.6 in) 5°C (40°F) 78 mm (3.1 in)